Human CD86 Protein, ECD (Extracellular Domain), Biotinylated, Recombinant

Description :
CD86, also known as the B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2, is a single-pass type I transmemebrane glycoprotein that belongs to the B7 family of the Ig superfamily. Like other B7 family members, CD86 contains 1 Ig-like C2-type domain and 1 Ig-like V-type domain in the extracellular region. Among the B7 family members, they share about 20-25% amino acid identity. CD86 is constitutively expressed on interdigitating dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, peripheral blood dendritic cells, memory B cells, and germinal center B cells. CD86 provides a co-stimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation and survival. It exists predominantly as a monomer on cell surfaces and interacts with two receptors on the T cell surface: CD28 and CTLA-4 (also known as CD152). CD86 works in tandem with CD80 (also known as B7-1) to prime T cells. CD80 and CD86, together with their receptors CD28 and CTLA4, constitute one of the dominant co-stimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses, tolerance and the generation of CTL. The binding of CD80:CD86 to its receptor CD28 induces T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. CTLA4 binds to CD80 and CD86 with a 20-100 fold higher affinity than CD28 and is involved in the downregulation of the immune response. CD86 promotes APC (antigen presenting cell) diversity, function and survival. CD80 and CD86 may act as a receptor for adenovirus subgroup B. CD86 plays an important role in chronic hemodialysis, allergic pulmonary inflammation, arthritis, and antiviral responses, and is thus regarded as a promising target for autoimmune diseases and cancer.