Have study and agreed for the published version of the manuscript. Funding: There’s no funding connected to this short article. Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was performed as outlined by the recommendations on the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Critique Board of Seoul National University (SD20170005).Appl. Sci. 2021, 11,7 ofInformed Consent Statement: Written informed consent was obtained from patient’s legal guardian for publication of this case report and accompanying pictures. Information Availability Statement: Information sharing will not be applicable to this short article as no information sets were generated or analyzed in the course of the existing study. Acknowledgments: This study was supported by grant no 0820210013 in the SNUDH Investigation Fund. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
ArticleExploring Nanomechanical Properties of Soot Particle Layers by Atomic Force Microscopy NanoindentationGianluigi De Falco 1,, Fiorenzo Carbone 1, Mario Commodo 2,, Patrizia Minutolo two and Andrea D’AnnaDipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Universitdegli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80125 Napoli, Italy; [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (A.D.) 2 Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la MobilitSostenibili, STEMSCNR, 80125 Napoli, Italy; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected] (G.D.F.); [email protected] (M.C.)Citation: De Falco, G.; Carbone, F.; Commodo, M.; Minutolo, P.; D’Anna, A. Exploring Nanomechan ical Properties of Soot Particle Lay ers by Atomic Force Microscopy Nanoindentation. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 8448. https:// doi.org/10.3390/app11188448 Academic Editor: Asterios Bakolas Received: 04 August 2021 Accepted: 09 September 2021 Published: 11 September 2021 Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neu tral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institu tional affiliations.Abstract: Within this work, an experimental investigation on the nanomechanical properties of flame formed carbonaceous particle layers has been performed for the initial time by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). To this aim, carbon nanoparticles with various properties and nanostructures were made in ethylene/air laminar premixed flames at diverse Verrucarin A web residence occasions. Particles had been collected on mica substrates by signifies of a thermophoretic sampling method after which analyzed by AFM. An experimental process primarily based on the mixture among Ganoderic acid DM Protocol semicontact AFM topography imaging, speak to AFM topography imaging and AFM force spectroscopy has been implemented. Far more particularly, a preliminary topological characterization in the samples was initially performed operating AFM in semicontact mode and then tipsample interaction forces had been measured in contact spectroscopy mode. Finally, semicontact mode was applied to image the indented surface on the samples and to retrieve the projected location of indents. The hardness of investigated samples was obtained from the force istance curves measured in spectroscopy mode and the photos of intends acquired in semicontact mode. In addition, the Young’s modulus was measured by fitting the linear aspect of the retraction force curves working with a model depending on the Hertz theory. The extreme force sensitivity of this method (down to nNewton) as well as the small size in the probe tends to make it very appropriate for performing.
