Ll Em-myc) Mtap+/+mouse 370 322 329 331 336 353 309 343 369 341 320CD19 + + + + + 2 + + + + + +AA4.1 + + + + + 2 + + + + + +PNA ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 2 ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++IgM 2 +/2 ++ ++ ++ 2 2 2 2 +/2 ++ ++IgD 2 2 +/2 2 2 nd 2 2 2 2 +/2 +/CD3 2 2 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 2 2TdT (qPCR)2 2 nd nd nd nd 2 2 2 2 nd ndCm (qPCR) + + nd nd nd nd + + + + nd ndMtap+/+ Mtap+/+ Mtap+/+ Mtap+/+ Mtap+/+ MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067635.tTo explore this further, we selected a group of 363 probes that exhibited at least a 50 change in mRNA levels with P,0.01 (FDR ,0.29). Of these, 242 were up regulated and 121 were downregulated in MtaplacZ/+ vs. Mtap+/+. As expected, all four of the probes for Mtap were present in the down-regulated group. The remaining 359 probes mapped to 251 unique genes (see Table S1).Figure 3. Loss of MTAP expression in lymphoma infiltrated tissue in Em-myc Mtap+/+ and Em-myc MtaplacZ/+ mice. A. Representative Western blots showing MTAP protein in a variety of Em-myc MtaplacZ/+ (h, heterozygous) and Mtap+/+ (w, wild type) animals. The arrows above the figure show the tumors that were scored as Mtap2. B. Bar Graph summarizing Western blot data for all 28 animals examined (P = ns). The average age of each of the animals making up each group is marked on the top of each column. Error bars show 95 confidence range. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067635.gMtap Accelerates Tumorigenesis in MiceFigure 4. Histogram of P-values between Mtap+/+ and MtaplacZ/+ livers. Line shows theoretical distribution of the null hypothesis (no differences in gene expression, P,0.0001). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067635.gWe searched for functional enrichment of specific pathways of these genes using the Web Gestalt Gene Fexinidazole biological activity Analysis Toolkit V2 [36]. Mapping our differentially expressed gene set against the 115103-85-0 web biological function annotations in the Gene Ontology database, we found significant enrichment of genes involved rhythmic processes (i.e. circadian rhythm), anti-apoptotic genes, and genes involved in amino acid peptidyl modifications (Table S2). Another interesting group that came up as being enriched were genes involved in immature B-cell differentiation. Using the Kegg database as our functional sorter, we found that several probes mapped to signaling 23148522 pathways including mTOR signaling, insulin signaling, and adipocytokine signaling, although these enrichments did not achieve statistical significance when correcting for multiple comparisons (Table S3). We also subjected the same list of to analysis by the IPA software. The top five networks identified were: 1) Lipid Metabolism, Molecular Transport, Small Molecule Biochemistry (score 44); 2) Cancer, Endocrine System Disorders, Hematological Disease (score 31); 3) Cell Morphology, Cancer, Developmental Disorder (score 29) 4) Humoral Immune Response, Protein Synthesis, Hematological System Development and Function (score 25); and 5) Cell-To-Cell Signaling and Interaction, Skeletal and Muscular System Development and Function (score 25). A list of the cancer related genes identified by IPA is shown in Table S4. The finding of a significant number of cancer related genes in the differentially regulated gene set is consistent with the idea that loss of a single Mtap allele may have protumorigenic affects.We also examined transcripts of genes known to be involved in polyamine biosynthetic and degradation pathways (Table S5). We found that the transcripts for the polyamine.Ll Em-myc) Mtap+/+mouse 370 322 329 331 336 353 309 343 369 341 320CD19 + + + + + 2 + + + + + +AA4.1 + + + + + 2 + + + + + +PNA ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 2 ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++IgM 2 +/2 ++ ++ ++ 2 2 2 2 +/2 ++ ++IgD 2 2 +/2 2 2 nd 2 2 2 2 +/2 +/CD3 2 2 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 2 2TdT (qPCR)2 2 nd nd nd nd 2 2 2 2 nd ndCm (qPCR) + + nd nd nd nd + + + + nd ndMtap+/+ Mtap+/+ Mtap+/+ Mtap+/+ Mtap+/+ MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+ MtaplacZ/+doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067635.tTo explore this further, we selected a group of 363 probes that exhibited at least a 50 change in mRNA levels with P,0.01 (FDR ,0.29). Of these, 242 were up regulated and 121 were downregulated in MtaplacZ/+ vs. Mtap+/+. As expected, all four of the probes for Mtap were present in the down-regulated group. The remaining 359 probes mapped to 251 unique genes (see Table S1).Figure 3. Loss of MTAP expression in lymphoma infiltrated tissue in Em-myc Mtap+/+ and Em-myc MtaplacZ/+ mice. A. Representative Western blots showing MTAP protein in a variety of Em-myc MtaplacZ/+ (h, heterozygous) and Mtap+/+ (w, wild type) animals. The arrows above the figure show the tumors that were scored as Mtap2. B. Bar Graph summarizing Western blot data for all 28 animals examined (P = ns). The average age of each of the animals making up each group is marked on the top of each column. Error bars show 95 confidence range. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067635.gMtap Accelerates Tumorigenesis in MiceFigure 4. Histogram of P-values between Mtap+/+ and MtaplacZ/+ livers. Line shows theoretical distribution of the null hypothesis (no differences in gene expression, P,0.0001). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067635.gWe searched for functional enrichment of specific pathways of these genes using the Web Gestalt Gene Analysis Toolkit V2 [36]. Mapping our differentially expressed gene set against the biological function annotations in the Gene Ontology database, we found significant enrichment of genes involved rhythmic processes (i.e. circadian rhythm), anti-apoptotic genes, and genes involved in amino acid peptidyl modifications (Table S2). Another interesting group that came up as being enriched were genes involved in immature B-cell differentiation. Using the Kegg database as our functional sorter, we found that several probes mapped to signaling 23148522 pathways including mTOR signaling, insulin signaling, and adipocytokine signaling, although these enrichments did not achieve statistical significance when correcting for multiple comparisons (Table S3). We also subjected the same list of to analysis by the IPA software. The top five networks identified were: 1) Lipid Metabolism, Molecular Transport, Small Molecule Biochemistry (score 44); 2) Cancer, Endocrine System Disorders, Hematological Disease (score 31); 3) Cell Morphology, Cancer, Developmental Disorder (score 29) 4) Humoral Immune Response, Protein Synthesis, Hematological System Development and Function (score 25); and 5) Cell-To-Cell Signaling and Interaction, Skeletal and Muscular System Development and Function (score 25). A list of the cancer related genes identified by IPA is shown in Table S4. The finding of a significant number of cancer related genes in the differentially regulated gene set is consistent with the idea that loss of a single Mtap allele may have protumorigenic affects.We also examined transcripts of genes known to be involved in polyamine biosynthetic and degradation pathways (Table S5). We found that the transcripts for the polyamine.
